A RIVER RUNS PUTRID: A SUMMER OF FILTH, 1858

The city of London sought in the heat of summer, 1858. But it was not merely the sun that baked the metropolis. An even more unpleasant force infested its very heart: the River Thames. Years of industrial discharges had transformed London's lifeblood into a foul-smelling mire. The stench was overwhelming, a miasma that clung to every cobblestone an

Johannes Gutenberg’s invention altered the course of history with his ingenious printing press. Prior to this groundbreaking development, knowledge was confined to a select few who could afford to purchase Historical Innovations handwritten manuscripts. However, Gutenberg’s innovation allowed for the mass production of texts, making information